31 December 2025, Volume 39 Issue 6

    

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Chemical engineering and material science
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  Plasmon-enhanced S-scheme CuS/BiOI heterojunction for efficient degradation of tetracycline

  OIMOD Haschuluu, FAN Shuya, YANG Yanchun, ZHANG Huifang, WU Siyu, ZHANG Jihui

  Journal of Qilu University of Technology. 2025, 39(6): 1-10. https://doi.org/10.16442/j.cnki.qlgydxxb.2025.06.001

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  In this study,CuS/BiOI heterostructures were successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal method.The materials were characterized using Zeta potential analysis,XRD,SEM,TEM,XPS,UV-DRS,which collectively confirmed the successful construction of the CuS/BiOI heterojunction.Under visible-light irradiation,the photocatalytic degradation performance of the CuS/BiOI heterojunction toward tetracycline (TC) was studied.The optimized CuS/BiOI-2 sample exhibited a degradation efficiency of 81.46% and a degradation rate constant of 0.014 3 min^-1 representing a 68.55% improvement and a 2.64-fold enhancement compared to pristine BiOI,respectively.By analyzing the band structures of CuS and BiOI,combined with photoelectrochemical analyses and radical scavenging experiments,it was demonstrated that the S-scheme heterojunction formed between p-type CuS (with localized surface plasmon resonance,LSPR properties) and n-type BiOI significantly enhanced the light absorption capacity of BiOI and promoted the efficient separation of photogenerated charge carriers.These synergistic effects ultimately endowed the CuS/BiOI-2 composite with exceptional photocatalytic performance.
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  Effect of nickel on microstructure and properties of low temperature ductile iron

  BI Mingyang, XU Rongfu, FENG Yisheng, CHEN Guanghai, YAO Fanghu, YIN Qian

  Journal of Qilu University of Technology. 2025, 39(6): 11-18. https://doi.org/10.16442/j.cnki.qlgydxxb.2025.06.002

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  This study investigates the influence of nickel content on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of low-temperature ductile iron (QT400-18L) through the synergistic control of nickel microalloying and annealing heat treatment processes.Based on the research path of composition design-process optimization-performance characterization,a composition range with a nickel gradient of 0~1% was designed,combined with heat treatment processes.The performance of the samples was tested through tensile and impact tests,and the microstructure before and after heat treatment was characterized to analyze the effects of nickel on the matrix structure and properties.The experimental results show that the as-cast structure of the samples obtained by adding different amounts of nickel to ductile iron is mainly composed of spheroidal graphite, ferrite, and a small amount of pearlite. Nickel has a slight graphite-forming effect and promotes pearlite formation.To improve the impact toughness of the samples,heat treatment was used to regulate the microstructure, significantly reducing pearlite content.The microstructure of the heat-treated samples consists of spheroidal graphite and ferrite. When the nickel mass fraction is 0.4%,the heat-treated sample exhibits optimal strength and plasticity,with a tensile strength of 395 MPa, an elongation of 17.5%, a hardness of 139 HBW,and a -40 ℃low-temperature impact absorption work of 14.7 J, which represents an approximately 22.5% improvement in impact toughness compared to the QT400-18L standard.
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  Study on the modification of titanium-based lead dioxide electrode and degradation of chloramphenicol

  WANG Tong, DONG Hao, QIAO Yu, LI Xinxin, JIANG Wenqiang

  Journal of Qilu University of Technology. 2025, 39(6): 19-27. https://doi.org/10.16442/j.cnki.qlgydxxb.2025.06.003

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  China is a major producer and consumer of antibiotics,and the extensive use of these drugs has caused significant environmental pollution and health risks.To address these issues,this study developed innovative Ti/PbO2-La composite electrodes via electrochemical deposition,significantly enhancing their catalytic activity and stability compared to conventional electrodes.Through optimization of chloramphenicol's electrochemical degradation parameters,we obtained the reaction kinetic equation y=0.055x-0.288 (R²=0.981) under the following conditions:current density of 1.00 A,electrolyte concentration of 0.1 mol/L, pH 7,and initial chloramphenicol concentration of 10 mg/L.LC-MS analysis revealed that chloramphenicol degradation primarily occurs through ·OH-mediated pathways.Furthermore,this electrode overcomes the limitation of incomplete mineralization characteristic of conventional methods,achieving efficient pollutant mineralization. This provides an effective and economical strategy for removing trace antibiotics from aquatic environments,with significant practical applications.
Food engineering and bioengineering
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  Single-molecule magnetictweezer study of CD44 protein under different expression systems

  HU Dan, WANG Yanwei, GUO Zilong

  Journal of Qilu University of Technology. 2025, 39(6): 28-34. https://doi.org/10.16442/j.cnki.qlgydxxb.2025.06.004

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  CD44 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein whose extracellular domain binds specifically to hyaluronic acid (HA) of the extracellular matrix.In the presence of fluid shear,this binding promotes the rolling behavior of cells and provides the basis for cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions,and the binding is dependent on conformational changes in the N-and C-termini of the extracellular domain of CD44.Under physiological conditions,the interaction between HA and CD44 exhibits a typical Catch-bond effect.In this study,single-molecule magnetic tweezers were used to perform stretching experiments on CD44 extracellular structural domains expressed in Escherichia coli (E.coli) and human embryonic kidney epithelial cells (HEK293F).At a constant tensile loading rate (1 pN/s),four stepwise unfolding events were observed in the defolding process of the E.coli-expressed CD44 protein,with corresponding elongation changes indicating that all 159 amino acids were defolded.In contrast,HEK293F-expressed CD44 showed only one unfolding signal,corresponding to the unfolding of 8 amino acid residues at the N-terminal and 49 amino acid residues at the C-terminal,suggesting that all three pairs of disulfide bonds are formed in this protein.Despite the lack of disulfide bonds,E.coli expressed CD44 maintained a certain degree of structural stability,and HEK293F expressed CD44 was closer to the physiological state in terms of structural integrity and kinetic properties.
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  Length-dependent liquid-liquid phase separation of short peptides and its impact on G-quadruplex conformational regulation

  LÜ Fangyi, WU Weiyu, PAN Hai, WANG Yanwei

  Journal of Qilu University of Technology. 2025, 39(6): 35-41. https://doi.org/10.16442/j.cnki.qlgydxxb.2025.06.005

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  G-quadruplex (G4) is a non-classical secondary structure formed by guanine-rich nucleic acid sequences,which is widely distributed in the promoter region of oncogenes and telomeres and other key regions of the genome,and is involved in a variety of disease processes.Histone H1,as an important regulator of chromatin high level structure,forms dynamic condensates with G4 by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS).Among them,the H1 carboxy-terminal structural domain (CTD) plays a key role in driving LLPS due to its long sequence and high charge density properties.However,there is still a research gap on the minimum length threshold required for CTD-triggered phase separation and its role in regulating the topological conformation of G4.In this study,we systematically investigated the effect of different lengths of histone H1 truncated peptide chains on the LLPS of G4-short peptide system by comprehensively utilizing various experimental techniques.The experimental results showed that LLPS formation was significantly inhibited when the peptide chain length was below a critical threshold;further studies revealed that the LLPS behavior of G4-short peptides was related to the short peptide-induced enhancement of folding and compression of the G4 structure.These results support that multivalent interactions are one of the important driving forces mediating phase separation.
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  Optimization of yeast fermentation process for porous noodles and study on their quality characteristics

  CHENG Zenghui, MENG Kaili, SUN Shidong

  Journal of Qilu University of Technology. 2025, 39(6): 42-53. https://doi.org/10.16442/j.cnki.qlgydxxb.2025.06.006

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  In order to optimize the preparation process of porous noodles fermented by yeast.Through a single-factor experimental design,the influence of multiple process parameters such as raw material ratio and processing conditions on the mature and broken strip rate and sensory score of porous hanging noodles was systematically studied.Then,a significance analysis of four factors and three levels was conducted through the response surface optimization test,with the response values being the sensory score and the rate of cooked and broken noodles.The optimal combination of process parameters was obtained:Taking 100 g of flour as the benchmark,3 g of yeast,34 g of water,1.5 g of edible salt were added,and the fermentation time was 60 min.The sensory score of the porous noodles prepared by this process formula was the highest at 93.2,and the rate of cooked and broken strips was the lowest at 2%.Finally,the quality characteristics of the porous noodles were analyzed.The optimal cooking time was 260 seconds,the rate of cooked broken strips was 3%,the cooking loss rate was 6.52%,the mass fraction of protein was 8.61%,the mass fraction of reducing sugar was 8.75%,the mass fraction of ash was 2.13%,the mass fraction of fat was 0.58%,and the pH was 6.51,which significantly improved the quality characteristics of the porous noodles.The research provides a theoretical basis for the technological production of porous noodles.
Mathematics,physics and statistics science
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  Social optimization for general mean-field linear-quadratic control problem with Markov jumps

  DONG Kaiyue, XU Ruimin

  Journal of Qilu University of Technology. 2025, 39(6): 54-63. https://doi.org/10.16442/j.cnki.qlgydxxb.2025.06.007

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  This paper is concerned with social optimality for a class of mean-field linear quadratic (Linear Quadratic,LQ) control systems with Markov jump parameters,where the individual diffusion coefficient can depend on both the state and the control of the agent.All agents cooperate with each other to minimize the social objective.First,with the aid of person-by-person optimality principle,one arrives at an auxiliary LQ control problem.A decentralized strategy is then obtained by a mean-field forward-backward stochastic differential equation (Forward-backward Stochastic Differential Equation,FBSDE) consistency condition.Finally,by some estimates of FBSDEs,the obtained decentralized strategy is proved to be asymptotic social optimality.
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  Orthogonal modal  empirical  likelihood estimation for semi-varying coefficient nonlinear models

  LI Qiqi, ZHAO Peixin

  Journal of Qilu University of Technology. 2025, 39(6): 64-70. https://doi.org/10.16442/j.cnki.qlgydxxb.2025.06.008

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  This paper focuses on the study of semi-varying coefficient nonlinear models and applies empirical likelihood estimation based on modal regression with orthogonality for statistical inference of its parameters.By combining modal regression methods with orthogonal projection techniques,an estimation algorithm based on modal empirical likelihood is proposed.Finally,the parameters estimated using the proposed orthogonal modal empirical likelihood method are subjected to data simulation.The absolute deviation values of the parameters are calculated and compared to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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  Empirical likelihood estimation for single-index ARCH-M models

  ZHANG Xiaoman, ZHAO Peixin

  Journal of Qilu University of Technology. 2025, 39(6): 70-80. https://doi.org/10.16442/j.cnki.qlgydxxb.2025.06.009

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  Consider the estimation problem for a class of single-index Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity-in-mean (ARCH-M) models.Based on the empirical likelihood method and the theory of local least squares estimation,we propose an empirical likelihood-based estimation approach for the parametric components of the model.Under certain regularity conditions,it is demonstrated that the constructed log empirical likelihood ratio statistic asymptotically follows a standard chi-square distribution.Consequently,this result enables the construction of confidence regions for the parametric components.The theoretical framework establishes the asymptotic properties of the proposed estimator and provides rigorous statistical inference tools for the parameters in this semi-parametric ARCH-M specification.Some simulation studies are carried out to compare finite sample performances of the proposed empirical likelihood estimation method with some existing estimation methods under different estimation method settings.